Insitu gels. Some of the therapeutics used to treat .
Insitu gels State-of-the-art in situ gelling systems can easily and efficiently be formed by different mechanisms in situ. The formulation approaches like temperature intonation, pH change and presence of ions from which the drug gets released during a sustained and controlled manner are used for in-situ gels. on instillation. This system is a liquid aqueous solution before the administration, and a gel at physiological conditions. An in situ gel is drug delivery system that exhibits sol-to-gel phase transition due to change in specific physicochemical parameters such as ionic, temperature or pH. Physiological stimuli like temperature and pH trigger gel formation, facilitating controlled drug release. ABSTRACT In situ gelling devices, as they enter the body, are dosage forms in the shape of the sol but turn into gel types under physiological circumstances. Gelation occurs due to cross linking of polymer chain through covalent and non-covalent bond formation [6]. Keywords: gel, hydrogel, metastasis, recovery, recurrence, tumor postoperative treatment Gel/Hydrogel‐based in situ biomaterial platforms are promising candidates for cancer postoperative treatment and recovery, which decrease the risk of poor prognosis caused by postoperative complications. 1% w/v Chlorhexidine hydrochloride was formulated by cold method using different polymers. Jan 1, 2019 · Among these, the ophthalmic in-situ gel has attained a great attention over the past few years. 'Sol-gel' produces a colloidal suspension or solution by hydrolyzing the Aug 10, 2023 · In recent years, in situ gel delivery systems have received a great deal of attention among pharmacists. Keywords: Sustained release, biodegradable polymer, mucosal absorption, thermal triggered, pH triggered system Figure 1. The main body of the abstract Among drug delivery modalities, ocular drug administration requires careful study and parameter assessment. Feb 1, 2025 · These urgent clinical demands have inspired the development of in situ gels for topical administration in the resection cavity after surgical resection. This chapter explores the classification of in situ gel based on stimuli and offers an overview of topical drug administration In-situ gels are polymeric systems that undergo sol-to-gel transition upon contact with physiological fluids, making them an attractive drug delivery option for various applications. In situ forming polymeric formulations are drug delivery systems that are in sol form before being distributed in the body but gel in situ to create gel after being delivered. The concept of gel treatment is to improve the sweep efficiency of water flooding by placing a blocking slug of gel at water channel to seal the thief zone. 2. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol, possesses all the prerequisites for successful therapy of ophthalmic diseases, but unfortunately its physicochemical properties hurdle the practical use. 'Sol-gel' produces a colloidal suspension or solution by hydrolyzing the The present study was aimed to develop and optimize in situ gel for the treatment of periodontal disease. In-situ is a Latin word which means in position. The formation of in-situ gels depends on phase change system or sol-gel transition system. Nov 14, 2025 · Tuning the kinetics of photo-induced crosslinking between mechanically distinct polymer phases produces strong and tough hydrogels. These gels are composed of cross-linked 3D networks of polymers, with hydrogels being a specific type of absorbing water while r … Sep 15, 2024 · Abstract The development of in situ gel formulations has gained prominence in pharmaceutical science due to their potential benefits in drug delivery and patient compliance. This article reviews the in situ gel-forming systems used for nasal drug delivery and introduces their gelling mechanisms and other favorable features for intranasal delivery. Interestingly, these in situ gels not only improve postoperative tissue status but also release multiple drugs to combat residual tumor cells. Mar 1, 2021 · Over the past decade gel-based systems have emerged as a new approach to drug delivery system, attracting the interest of the scientific community. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic ion-pair formed by ropivacaine and stearic acid contributes to the gel's stabilization and slow-release properties. These formulations, which transition from a liquid to a gel or semi-solid state upon administration, offer enhanced bioavailability and controlled release profiles. It shows prolonged release even for more than weeks to little month duration6. From a Manufacturing point of view, the production of such devices is less complex and thus lowers the investment and manufacturing cost. The “sol–gel” transition has distinct characteristics that respond to physiological stimulation, enabling a controlled and sustained drug release, thus offering various advantages over traditional mechanical and systemic drug delivery methods Nanoparticles Recently, incorporated in situ gel formulations. Jan 15, 2019 · In situ gel forming systems are drug delivery systems that are in solution form before administration in the body but once administered, undergo in situ gelation, to form a gel triggered by In Situ Gel/Depot-Forming Drug Products In situ gel/depot-forming drug products are formulations that form a gel/depot at the administration site and exhibit prolonged drug delivery. This transition is triggered by physiological conditions such as pH, temperature, or the presence of specific Dec 9, 2024 · The “in situ gel” system has become one of the emerging drug delivery systems and plays a significant role in the treatment of periodontitis. In-situ gel formation of drug delivery systems can be defined as a liquid formulation generating a solid or semisolid depot after administration4 as shown in Fig. The in-situ gel forming polymeric formulations offer several advantages like sustained and prolonged action in comparison to conventional drug delivery systems. This new concept of producing a gel in-situ was suggested for the first time in the early 1980s5. The in situ gel has a numbers of merits and demerits that are enumerated below [1, 2]. Different amounts and types of excipients were used to evaluate NVs using definitive screening design (DSD). Transition from sol to gel is Mar 6, 2015 · Many numbers of in situ gel-forming systems have been investigated, and many copyrights for their use in different biomedical applications, including drug delivery, have been reported (Peppas and Langer 1994). 1. Other benefits of these systems include easy production, improved adherence, and ease of use. , 1974) for conformance control. Some of the therapeutics used to treat Mar 5, 2024 · In-situ gel technology is a promising drug delivery strategy that undergoes a 'sol to gel' transition upon administration, providing controlled and prolonged drug release. Sodium alginate, a novel ophthalmic gel-forming mucoadhesive polymer, which gets converted to gel in . It also comprises the main techniques for evaluation of chitosan in situ gels, along with requirements of safety and ocular tolerability. Their biomedical application can further be improved by incorporating drug nanoparticles into in situ gelling systems in order to prolong Jul 12, 2020 · In situ gelling systems consist of polymers which are applied as solutions or suspensions that are capable of rapid sol-to-gel transformation triggered by external stimulus such as pH, temperature and ionic strength in the environment upon instillation [1]. Gelation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as temperature, pH Sep 16, 2020 · This review focused on definitions, types, advantages, disadvantages, polymers used, and suitable characteristics of polymers, including the preparation of in situ gels covered in the introduction. In-situ gelling system has become one of the best among the novel Jan 7, 2021 · In situ gels have become one of the most prominent and accessible systems. Recent advances in polymer chemistry and hydrogel engineering have facilitated the development of in situ forming hydrogels for drug delivery applications. In-situ gels are a type of hydrogel which are in a solution form and are undergoes gelation under varying physiological conditions. These systems have several advantages like simple manufacturing, easy to use, improved adherence, and patient comfort by MECHANISM OF IN SITU GELS In situ formation based on physical mechanism Swelling In situ formation may also occur when material absorbs water from surrounding environment and expand to desired space. In-situ gels are a type of hydrogel that starts off as a solution and gels when exposed to bodily fluids or changes in pH. Temperature-sensitive polymers, such as block copolymers or poloxamers, are frequently used to modify their gelation properties, usually in combination with other polymers. Apr 20, 2021 · Meanwhile, suspensions are usually associated with drug non-uniformity and unpredictable ocular bioavailability compared with in situ gels [2, 4]. Feb 1, 2022 · In-situ gel treatment was developed in 1970s (Needham et al. Bioavailability, penetration, duration, and maximum medication efficacy are all improved by this Abstract:- In situ gels are now among the most widely used and widely available systems. Biodegradable polymers such as gellan gum and chitosan are essential for formulating effective in situ gels. Chitosan is a kind of natural polysaccharide that is widely exploited for biomedical applications due to its good biocompatibility, low ABSTRACT Over the past decade gel-based systems have emerged as a new approach to drug delivery system, attracting the interest of the scientific community. Mar 1, 2023 · In situ gelling formulations are drug delivery systems which typically exist in a liquid form at room temperature and change into gel state after application to the body in response to various stimuli such as changes in temperature, pH and ionic composition. These gels are composed of cross-linked 3D networks of polymers, with hydrogels being a specific type of absorbing water while retaining their shape. In-situ gels are a type of hydrogel which are in Jan 1, 2025 · The “In situ gel” is a promising drug delivery system characterized by the ability to shift from a liquid to a gel when applied. In-situ gel drug delivery are in solution form before administration in the body, but once administered undergoes gelation in-situ, to form gel. These gelation mechanisms are induced by environmental factors such as changes in pH, temperature, ion concentrations, or specific pH. Insitu gelling Systems: Methodology Dec 15, 2022 · This review on in situ gel was written to fill in any gaps in the current body of knowledge, with a special emphasis on in-situ gelling systems that prolong the residence time of drugs at their In situ-based gel drug delivery systems that can bypass the blood-brain barrier, deliver the therapeutics to the desired site, reduce peripheral toxicity and control drug release kinetics have been developed. 'Sol-gel' produces a colloidal suspension or solution by hydrolyzing the Present review emphases mechanism of in-situ gel formation, polymers used for in-situ gel, methods of preparation and applicability in different drug delivery system. Applying a composite in situ thermoresponsive In situ gels are systems which are applied as solutions or suspensions and are capable of undergoing rapid sol-to-gel transformation triggered by external stimulus such as temperature, pH etc. A notable advancement in drug delivery aiming to enhance patient safety and effectiveness is the development of the in situ nasal drug delivery system. In situ gel formulations represent a significant innovation in drug delivery systems. May 11, 2023 · The in situ ophthalmic gel is a semisolid ophthalmic preparation that can be changed in the eyes immediately after the solution is administered, showing unique advantages as a new drug delivery system. The prepared in situ gels were studied in the following aspects: in vitro gelation, in vitro release, stability, viscosity Jul 28, 2025 · This review summarizes advances in in situ gels for nasal drug delivery. The latter was used to impart the viscosity to the carbopol solution, while reducing its acidity (5). This review describes in situ gelling systems resulting from the association of chitosan with various stimuli-responsive polymers with emphasis on the mechanism of gel formation and application in ophthalmology. Nov 5, 2013 · Approaches to enhance the nasal bioavailability aim at prolonging the contact time with the nasal surface by using viscosity-enhancing or in situ gelling polymers. On the other hand, an aqueous solution of carbopol-HPMC system was designed and developed for plasmid DNA delivery (6). These systems minimize drug administration frequency because of their special sol-to-gel transition properties, increasing patient comfort. Due to its special feature of ‘Sol to Gel transition’ it is widely accepted as a novel drug delivery system with improved patient compliance. Mar 5, 2024 · In-situ gel technology is a promising drug delivery strategy that undergoes a 'sol to gel' transition upon administration, providing controlled and prolonged drug release. The following review presents a brief introduction to in situ gels, various approaches for in situ gelling system, different types of polymers used, their evaluation and applications. This review presents the mechanism, recent development, and safety considerations of stimuli sensitive in situ gel as the potential sustained ocular delivery system for treating common eye disorders. In situ gelling drug delivery systems have gained enormous attention over the last decade. One such substance is myverol (glycerol mono-oleate), which is polar lipid that swells in water to form lyotropic liquid crystalline phase structures. Within this system, drugs are initially administered as a less viscous solution, which upon contact with the nasal mucosa, transforms into a gel. Dec 1, 2016 · In situ forming hydrogels with simple sol–gel transition are more practicable as injectable hydrogels for drug delivery and tissue regeneration. The various polymers helps in ABSTRACT: In situ gels are innovative drug delivery systems that transition from a liquid to a gel state in response to specific physiological conditions, such as changes in temperature, pH, or ionic strength. This is because the eyes are sensitive and require careful Feb 2, 2025 · The topical administration of in situ hydrogels for ocular pathologies is a promising application strategy for providing high effectiveness and patient compliance. This transition is triggered by physiological conditions such as pH, temperature, or the presence of specific Abstract:- In situ gels are now among the most widely used and widely available systems. This review article aims to provide an overview of the latest Abstract : In situ gels are now among the most widely used and widely available systems. Oct 23, 2023 · Background Ophthalmic in situ gel is a novel preparation. Gels that are suitable for nasal delivery should present appropriate rheological properties: they should be mechanically robust (as usually assessed through rheology shear oscillatory measurements) and gel in situ (either through the action of a trigger or because of shear-thinning behaviour, namely, recovery after the application of shear). This review discussed and summarized the recent and the promising research progress of in-situ gelling in ocular drug delivery system. Recent advances in in-situ gels have made it possible to take advantage of changes in physiological uniqueness and in different areas of the gastrointestinal tract to improve drug absorption Oct 1, 2022 · The advantages of in-situ forming polymeric delivery systems, including simplicity of administration and reduced frequency of administration, increased patient compliance and comfort, have spurred attention. We first describe challenges of the nasal route and more. This review examines the key aspects of designing in situ In the current place of drug delivery technologies, in situ gels have made an irreplaceable space due to their unique characteristics. nanoparticles ocular tissues were employed to address issues related to represent promising drug carriers for targeting by remaining A variety of natural and synthetic polymers undergo in-situ gel formation and may be used in the oral, ocular, transdermal, buccal, intraperitoneal, parenteral, injection, rectal, and vaginal routes (3). In-situ is a Latin phrase which translated is literally as “in position”. To establish a novel delivery system of pemirolast potassium-loaded gellan gum in situ gel in allergic conjunctivitis therapy. In situ gels enhance drug delivery by improving bioavailability and patient compliance through sustained release mechanisms. The formation of the gel depends on factors such as temperature fluctuations, pH changes, ion exposure and Aug 20, 2025 · Thermosensitive mucoadhesive in situ forming gels are sprayable liquids at room temperature, that form hydrogels which can adhere to the mucosal tissu… -based in situ gels have potential to improve patient’s compliance by reducing the dosing frequency and could Key words: In situ gel, Ocular, Sulfacetamide sodium, Carbopol®/HPMC, In-vitro release, Antimicrobial eficacy. Apr 17, 2025 · The purpose of study was to exploit distinctive features of nasal administration route to boost agomelatine permeation and upgrade its anti-depressant action after being embedded in Brij®-enriched novasomes (NVs) as non-phospholipid vesicular systems. Unlike conventional syrups, which remain in liquid form until they are consumed, in situ gel are designed to undergo a gelation process once ingested. Optimal NV was incorporated in Mar 23, 2023 · We aimed to develop and evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of the in-situ gel of metformin HCl including, viscosity, density, floating behavior, gel strength, in vitro drug release, and release kinetic model to determine an optimized sustained release formulation. Meanwhile, suspensions are usually associated with drug non-uniformity and unpredictable ocular bioavailability compared with in situ gels [2, 4]. The aim of the present study was to Nov 8, 2022 · These gels are preferred over other stimuli-sensitive hydrogels since they have well-controlled in situ gelling properties and are also easier to load with drugs. The sol to gel transition occurs at various physiological conditions thereby provide sustained drug release. Temperature-sensitive in situ gel containing 0. 1. In situ gel-forming systems increase the retention of drugs in the nasal cavity, and some of them also show permeation-enhancing capabilities. The aim of the present investigation is to prepare and evaluate in situ gel-forming ophthalmic drug delivery system of moxifloxacin hydrochloride. These systems offer advantages over traditional methods including reduced dosing frequency, controlled drug release, enhanced bioavailability, improved patient compliance, and targeted Jul 17, 2020 · Novel in situ forming gel is introduced at the site that shows a promising potential to overcome one of the main practical obstacles associated with the treatment of local periodontitis: partial adhesion to the surrounding tissue, causing in the accidental expulsion of at least parts of the implants from patient’s pockets. An in situ gel was formulated for ocular delivery of ofloxacin, using carbopol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). They are in a sol-state before administration, and they are capable of forming gels in response to different endogenous stimuli, such as temperature increase, May 15, 2025 · As an in situ gel, SA-ROP-GMS avoids the burst release effect common to water-soluble small molecule drugs in liposomes and hydrogels. It can be instilled into the eye as a liquid but gels upon contact with the ocular surface, generating a sustained-release depot of the drug. Jul 1, 2024 · In situ gelling systems represent a burgeoning paradigm in ocular drug administration, addressing intrinsic challenges posed by extant ocular formulat… Mar 21, 2012 · Introduction: In situ gel systems refer to a class of novel delivery vehicles, composed of natural, semisynthetic or synthetic polymers, which present the unique property of sol–gel conversion o Jul 18, 2024 · Abstract The ‘in situ gel’ system can be used to deliver both controlled and sustained delivery of drug. The in situ gelation mechanism has several advantages over ointments, the most notable being the ability to provide regular and continuous drug delivery with no impact on visual clarity. tmpcgfqdhtrfalwkgduiklnjhhywcyodxpyuyjnbdorjktsgntwqljzpamxdfltookgryzdivoc